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| Traditional Medicine (Sambiloto) |
Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), is a kind of herbaceous plant of family Acanthaceae, which originated from India and Sri Lanka. Sambiloto also can be found in other areas, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and several places in the Americas.
Andrographis genus has 28 species of herbs, but few are medically efficacious, one of which is the Andrographis paniculata (bitter).
The leaves contain many compounds Sambiloto Andrographolide, which is a bicyclic diterpenoid lactone compounds. Chemical compounds that taste bitter was first isolated by Gorter in 1911.
Andrographolide have properties to protect the liver (hepatoprotective), and proved able to protect the liver from the negative effects galaktosamin and paracetamol. Savor it correlates with the activity of certain metabolic enzymes.
Sambiloto has long been known to have medical properties. Ayurveda is one of the ancient Indian medical system which includes bitter as medical herbs, where the bitter called by the name Kalmegh in Ayurveda.
In addition to nutritious protect the liver, bitter also can suppress the growth of cancer cells. This is because the active compounds, namely Andrographolide, decreased the expression of the enzyme CDK4 (cyclin dependent kinase 4).
Andrographolide also has properties enhance immunity, by increasing the division of lymphocytes and interleukin-2 production. Efficacy of cytotoxic lymphocytes is enhanced by Andrographolide, which makes it has a property indirectly to the inhibition of cancer cells.
From the above we can conclude that in the bitter leaves are chemical compounds that can protect the liver Andrographolide, fight cancer and boost immunity. It appears this Andrographolide great potential for development as drugs.
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